Mathematics
The following distribution represents the height of 160 students of a school.
| Height (in cm) | No. of students |
|---|---|
| 140 - 145 | 12 |
| 145 - 150 | 20 |
| 150 - 155 | 30 |
| 155 - 160 | 38 |
| 160 - 165 | 24 |
| 165 - 170 | 16 |
| 170 - 175 | 12 |
| 175 - 180 | 8 |
Draw an ogive for the given distribution taking 2 cm = 5 cm of height on one axis and 2 cm = 20 students on the other axis. Using the graph, determine :
(i) The median height.
(ii) The inter quartile range.
(iii) The number of students whose height is above 172 cm.
Measures of Central Tendency
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Answer
- The cumulative frequency table for the given continuous distribution is :
| Height (in cm) | No. of students | Cumulative frequency |
|---|---|---|
| 140 - 145 | 12 | 12 |
| 145 - 150 | 20 | 32 |
| 150 - 155 | 30 | 62 |
| 155 - 160 | 38 | 100 |
| 160 - 165 | 24 | 124 |
| 165 - 170 | 16 | 140 |
| 170 - 175 | 12 | 152 |
| 175 - 180 | 8 | 160 |
Take 2 cm along x-axis = 5 cm (height)
Take 1 cm along y-axis = 20 (students)
Since, scale on x-axis starts at 140, a kink is shown near the origin on x-axis to indicate that the graph is drawn to scale beginning at 140.
Plot the points (145, 12), (150, 32), (155, 62), (160, 100), (165, 124), (170, 140), (175, 152) and (180, 160) representing upper class limits and the respective cumulative frequencies. Also plot the point representing lower limit of the first class i.e. 140 - 145.
Join these points by a freehand drawing.
The required ogive is shown in figure above.
(i) Here, n (no. of students) = 160.
To find the median :
Let A be the point on y-axis representing frequency = = 80.
Through A draw a horizontal line to meet the ogive at P. Through P, draw a vertical line to meet the x-axis at M. The abscissa of the point M represents height = 157.5 cm.
Hence, the median height = 157.5 cm.
(ii) To find lower quartile :
Let B be the point on y-axis representing frequency = = 40
Through B, draw a horizontal line to meet the ogive at Q. Through Q, draw a vertical line to meet the x-axis at N. The abscissa of the point N represents 151.5.
To find upper quartile :
Let C be the point on y-axis representing frequency = = 120
Through C, draw a horizontal line to meet the ogive at R. Through R, draw a vertical line to meet the x-axis at O. The abscissa of the point O represents 164.
Inter quartile range = Upper quartile - Lower quartile = 164 - 151.5 = 12.5.
Hence, the inter quartile range = 12.5 cm.
(iii) Let T be the point on x-axis representing height = 172 cm.
Through T, draw a vertical line to meet the ogive at S. Through S, draw a horizontal line to meet the y-axis at D. The ordinate of the point D represents 144.
No. of students shorter than 172 cm = 144.
So, no. of students taller than 172 cm = Total students - No. of students shorter than 172 cm = 160 - 144 = 16.
Hence, there are 16 students taller than 172 cm.
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Related Questions
The marks obtained by 120 students in a Mathematics test are given below:
Marks No. of students 0 - 10 5 10 - 20 9 20 - 30 16 30 - 40 22 40 - 50 26 50 - 60 18 60 - 70 11 70 - 80 6 80 - 90 4 90 - 100 3 Draw an ogive for the given distribution on a graph sheet. Use a suitable scale for ogive to estimate the following :
(i) the median
(ii) the number of students who obtained more than 75% marks in the test.
(iii) the number of students who did not pass in the test if the pass percentage was 40.
100 pupils in a school have heights as tabulated below :
Height (in cm) No. of pupils 121 - 130 12 131 - 140 16 141 - 150 30 151 - 160 20 161 - 170 14 171 - 180 8 Draw the ogive for the above data and from it determine the median (use graph paper).
The marks obtained by 100 students in a Mathematics test are given below :
Marks No. of students 0 - 10 3 10 - 20 7 20 - 30 12 30 - 40 17 40 - 50 23 50 - 60 14 60 - 70 9 70 - 80 6 80 - 90 5 90 - 100 4 Draw an ogive on a graph sheet and from it determine the :
(i) median
(ii) lower quartile
(iii) number of students who obtained more than 85% marks in the test
(iv) number of students who did not pass in the test if the pass percentage was 35.
Use graph paper for this question.
A survey regarding height (in cm) of 60 boys belonging to class 10 of a school was conducted. The following data was recorded :
Height (in cm) No. of boys 135 - 140 4 140 - 145 8 145 - 150 20 150 - 155 14 155 - 160 7 160 - 165 6 165 - 170 1 Taking 2 cm = height of 10 cm on one axis and 2 cm = 10 boys along the other axis, draw an ogive of the above distribution. Use the graph to estimate the following :
(i) median
(ii) lower quartile
(iii) if above 158 is considered as the tall boy of the class, find the number of boys in the class who are tall.