History
Summarise the attributes of a nation, as Renan understands them. Why, in his view, are nations important?
Europe Nationalism
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Answer
Renan denied the notion suggested by others that a nation is formed by a common language, race, religion, or territory. According to him attributes of a nation were:
- A nation must have a heroic past and glory. It is the culmination of a long past of endeavours, sacrifice and devotion.
- To have common glories in the past, to have a common will in the present, to have performed great deeds together are condition for being people of a nation.
- Every decision should be made in consultation with the people of the nation.
- A nation is therefore a large-scale solidarity. Its existence is a daily plebiscite.
- A nation never has any real interest in annexing or holding on to a country against its will.
According to Renan, the nations are important because their existence is a guarantee of liberty, which would be lost if the world had only one law and only one master i.e., monarchy.
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