Chemistry
State what are 'Functional groups'. Name the following functional groups —
C=C; -C≡C-; -OH; -CHO; -COOH; X = -F, -Cl, -Br, -I ; -C=O; -C-O-C-
with one example each of an organic compound with the respective functional group.
Answer
An atom, radical or bond which defines the structure of an organic compound and confers characteristic properties to it is known as a functional group.
| Group | Name | Example |
|---|---|---|
| C=C | carbon-carbon double bond | Ethene (C2H4) |
| -C≡C- | carbon-carbon triple bond | Ethyne (C2H2) |
| -OH | Hydroxyl | Methanol (CH3OH) |
| -CHO | Aldehydic | Methanal (HCHO) |
| -COOH | Carboxylic | Methanoic acid (HCOOH) |
| X = -F, -Cl, -Br, -I | Halo | Chloro Methane (CH3Cl) |
| -C=O | Ketonic | Propanone (CH3-CO-CH3) |
| -C-O-C- | Alkoxy | Methoxy Methane (CH3-O-CH3) |
Related Questions
Differentiate between — 'Molecular formula' and 'Structural formula' — of an organic compound. Write the 'condensed structural formula' and 'branched structural formula' of ethene.
Explain the terms — 'Isomers' and 'Isomerism'. State the 'Characteristics of isomers' with reference to —
- Properties of isomers
- Number of isomers with relation to carbon atoms in the isomer.
Differentiate between — 'Chain isomerism' and 'Position isomerism ' — with suitable examples.
State what are 'Alkyl groups'. State the alkyl group of the parent alkane — methane and ethane.
Explain the term – 'Nomenclature'. State it's need with reference to organic compounds. State the basic rules of Nomenclature by the trivial system with suitable examples. Explain the longest chain rule and the smallest number for functional groups rule of Nomenclature by the IUPAC system with suitable examples.