Mathematics
Find the coordinates of the vertices of the triangle, the middle points of whose sides are .
Section Formula
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Answer
Let ABC be a triangle in which D, E and F are the mid-points of sides AB, BC and CA respectively.
Let coordinates of A be (x1, y1), B(x2, y2), C(x3, y3).

Applying mid-point formula on side AB,
1 + x2}{2} \\[1em] \Rightarrow x1 + x2 = 0 \qquad \text{….[Eq 1]} \\[1.5em] \dfrac{1}{2} = \dfrac{y1 + y2}{2} \\[1em] \Rightarrow y1 + y2 = 1 \qquad \text{….[Eq 2]} \\[1em]
Applying mid-point formula on side BC,
2 + x3}{2} \\[1em] \Rightarrow x2 + x3 = 1. \qquad \text{….[Eq 3]} \\[1em] \dfrac{1}{2} = \dfrac{y2 + y3}{2} \\[1em] \Rightarrow y2 + y3 = 1 \qquad \text{….[Eq 4]} \\[1em]
Applying mid-point formula on side CA,
3 + x1}{2} \\[1em] \Rightarrow x3 + x1 = 1. \qquad \text{….[Eq 5]} \\[1em] 0 = \dfrac{y3 + y1}{2} \\[1em] \Rightarrow y3 + y1 = 0 \qquad \text{….[Eq 6]} \\[1em]
Adding Eq 1, 3 and 5,
1 + x2 + x2 + x3 + x3 + x1 = 0 + 1 + 1.
∴ x1 + x2 + x3 = 1.
On subtracting Eq 3 from Eq 7 we get,
x1 + x2 + x3 - (x2 + x3) = 1 - 1
x1 + x2 + x3 - x2 - x3 = 0
x1 = 0.
On subtracting Eq 5 from Eq 7 we get,
x1 + x2 + x3 - (x3 + x1) = 1 - 1
x1 + x2 + x3 - x3 - x1 = 0
x2 = 0.
On subtracting Eq 1 from Eq 7 we get,
x1 + x2 + x3 - (x1 + x2) = 1 - 0
x1 + x2 + x3 - x1 - x2 = 1
x3 = 1.
Adding Eq 2, 4 and 5,
1 + y2 + y2 + y3 + y3 + y1 = 1 + 1 + 0.
∴ y1 + y2 + y3 = 1. (Eq 8)
On subtracting Eq 4 from Eq 8 we get,
y1 + y2 + y3 - (y2 + y3) = 1 - 1
y1 + y2 + y3 - y2 - y3 = 0
y1 = 0.
On subtracting Eq 6 from Eq 8 we get,
y1 + y2 + y3 - (y3 + y1) = 1 - 0
y1 + y2 + y3 - y3 - y1 = 1
y2 = 1.
On subtracting Eq 2 from Eq 8 we get,
y1 + y2 + y3 - (y1 + y2) = 1 - 1
y1 + y2 + y3 - y1 - y2 = 1 - 1
y3 = 0.
Hence, coordinates of vertices of triangle are (0, 0), (0, 1) and (1, 0) respectively.
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