A pendulum is oscillating on either side of its rest position. Explain the energy changes that take place in the oscillating pendulum. How does the mechanical energy remain constant in it? Draw necessary diagram.

The kinetic energy decreases and the potential energy becomes maximum at B.

After a moment the to and fro movement starts again.

So, from B to A, again the potential energy changes into kinetic energy and this process repeat again and again.

So, when the bob in its state of to and from movement it has potential energy at the extreme position B or C and kinetic energy at resting position A.

It has both the kinetic energy and potential energy at an intermediate position.

However, the sum of kinetic and potential energy remain same at every point of movement.