Assertion (A): Database management system is an application software which arranges data in a well-organized manner in the form of tables.

Reasoning (R): DBMS acts as an interface between the database stored in the computer memory and the user.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.

Assertion (A): A database consists of multiple tables.

Reasoning (R): A foreign key is used to represent the relationship between two tables.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.

Assertion (A): The limitations of traditional file system are overcome by storing data in a database.

Reasoning (R): We can organize related data logically in a database.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.

Assertion (A): Each table must have one primary key.

Reasoning (R): Primary key is a set of one or more attributes that uniquely identifies a tuple in a relation.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.

Assertion (A): A database can have only one table.

Reasoning (R): If a piece of data is stored in two places in a database, then it leads to wastage of storage space.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.

Assertion (A): A database constraint can be added or removed any time in/from the database tables.

Reasoning (R): Alter table command is used to change the structure of the table.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.

Assertion (A): SQL has efficient mechanisms to retrieve data stored in multiple tables in a MySQL database.

Reasoning (R): The SQL statement CREATE is used to retrieve data from the tables in a database and is also called query statement.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.

Assertion (A): The SQL keyword Like is used with wildcards only.

Reasoning (R): '_' underscore and "%" per cent are the two wildcard characters used with LIKE clause.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.

Assertion (A): DISTINCT clause must be used in an SQL statement to eliminate duplicate rows.

Reasoning (R): DISTINCT only works with numeric data type only.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.

Assertion (A): FLOAT and DOUBLE are data types.

Reasoning (R): Both can hold any number up to 23 digits.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.