Biology
Write a short note on artificial kidneys.
Excretory System
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Answer
Kidneys play an important role not only by filtering the blood and getting rid of waste products, but also by balancing the salt levels in the body, controlling blood pressure and stimulating the production of red blood cells. A person can lead a normal life with one kidney but when both of them stop functioning, it can prove fatal if no treatment is provided. An artificial kidney or a dialyser is a machine used to filter the blood of a patient whose kidneys are damaged. This process is called dialysis. In this process the blood is directed from veins into the dialyser through a tube connected to veins. The dialyser filters the blood and filtered blood is again directed inside the body.
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Related Questions
Explain the structure of a nephron with the help of a diagram.
Describe the process of urine formation.
Give the causes and symptoms of
- urinary tract infection.
- kidney stones.
Correct the sequence of the following steps to explain the process of urine formation:
- Blood enters the glomerulus under high pressure.
- The filtrate passes through the thin walls of the Bowman's capsule into the renal tubule.
- As the filtrate passes through the tubule, water and many useful substances are reabsorbed by the walls of the blood capillaries.
- Water and small solutes are filtered in the Bowman's capsule.
- The remaining liquid, along with waste is called urine and is collected in the urinary bladder.
- Blood containing waste material enters the kidneys through the renal artery.