History & Civics
With reference to the General Assembly, explain the following:
(a) Composition of the General Assembly.
(b) Its role in the promotion of international cooperation.
(c) Any four of its functions.
United Nations
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Answer
(a) All members of the United Nations are members of the General Assembly.
- Each State has five representatives in the General Assembly, but each State has one vote.
- At the start of each regular session, the Assembly elects a new President, 21 Vice-Presidents and the Chairmen of the Assembly's six Main Committees.
- To ensure equitable geographical representation, the presidency of the Assembly rotates each year among five groups of States: Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, Latin America and Caribbean, and Western Europe and other States.
- Decisions on important matters are made by a two-third majority.
- These matters include: the election of the non-permanent members of the Security Council, admission of new members, the suspension or expulsion of members, budgetary issues, etc.
- Decisions on other questions are made by a majority of members present and voting.
(b) The role of the General Assembly in the promotion of international cooperation are as follows-
- To consider and make recommendations on the principles of cooperation, in the maintenance of international peace and security.
- To discuss any question relating to international peace and security and to make recommendations on it.
- To initiate studies and make recommendations to promote international political, social, and economic cooperation.
- To make recommendations for the peaceful settlement of disputes.
(c) Four functions of the General Assembly are as follows-
- To receive and consider reports from the Security Council and other organs of the United Nations.
- To consider and approve the budget of the United Nations and to apportion the contributions among members.
- To elect the non-permanent members of the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council and the Trusteeship Council, and to elect the judges of the International Court of Justice.
- To appoint the Secretary-General on the recommendation of the Security Council.
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