Chemistry
'Valency' is the number of hydrogen atoms which can combine with [or displace] one atom of the element [or radical] forming a compound. With reference to the above definition of valency, state the valency of chlorine in hydrogen chloride, giving reasons.
Related Questions
If an atom 'A' has atomic number 19 & number 39, state -
(i) Its electronic configuration.
(ii) The number of valence electrons it possesses.
Draw the atomic diagrams of the following elements showing the distribution of - protons, neutrons & the electrons in the various shells of the atoms.
(a) Carbon - 126C
(b) Oxygen - 168O
(c) Phosphorus - 3115P
(d) Argon - 4018Ar
(e) Calcium - 4020Ca
[The upper number represents the - mass number & the lower number the - atomic number e.g. calcium - mass number = 40, atomic number = 20]
'Valency' is also the number of electrons - donated or accepted by an atom so as to achieve stable electronic configuration of the nearest noble gas'. With reference to this definition -
(a) State what is meant by 'stable electronic configuration'.
(b) State why the valency of -
(i) sodium, magnesium & aluminium is: +1, +2 & +3 respectively.
(ii) chlorine, oxygen & nitrogen is: -1, -2 & -3 respectively.
With reference to formation of compounds from atoms by electron transfer - electrovalency, state the basic steps in the conversion of sodium & chlorine atoms to sodium & chloride ions leading to the formation of the compound - sodium chloride.
[electronic configuration of: Na = 2,8,1 & Cl = 2,8,7]