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The diagram alongside shows an arrangement of three pulleys A, B and C. The load is marked as L and the effort as E.

Name the pulleys A, B and C. Mark the direction of load (L), effort (E) and tension T1 and T2. Calculate the mechanical advantage and velocity ratio. Machines, Concise Physics Class 10 Solutions.

(a) Name the pulleys A, B and C.

(b) Mark in the diagram the direction of load (L), effort (E) and tension T1 and T2 in the two strings.

(c) How are the magnitudes of L and E related to the tension T1?

(d) Calculate the mechanical advantage and velocity ratio of the arrangement.

(e) What assumptions have you made in parts (c) and (d)?

Machines

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Answer

(a) Pulleys A and B are movable pulleys while pulley C is a fixed pulley.

(b) The direction of load (L), effort (E) and tension T1 and T2 in the two strings are marked in the below diagram:

The direction of load (L), effort (E) and tension T1 and T2 in the two strings are marked in the diagram. Machines, Concise Physics Class 10 Solutions.

(c) The relation between magnitudes of L and E to the tension T1 is as follows:

The magnitude of effort E = T1
The magnitude of load L = 22 T1 = 4T1.

(d) The mechanical advantage is 22 = 4 as there are two movable pulleys and we know,

M.A. = 2n where, n is the number of movable pulleys.

The velocity ratio = 22 = 4 as there are two movable pulleys and we know,

V.R. = 2n where, n is the number of movable pulleys.

(e) The assumptions made are:

  1. The pulleys A and B are weightless
  2. There is no friction between the bearings of the pulleys or the axle.

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