Look at the newspaper clipping given below and answer the questions that follow:

(a) Japan declared war against which country? Where did Japan order an attack? What were the consequences of the bombing of Hawaii?

(b) Japan made two crucial mistakes during this attack. What were these mistakes and what were the consequences of these mistakes?

(c) How was this attack finally avenged by the USA?

(a) Japan ordered an attack on the U.S.A on December 7, 1941. It was aimed at neutralizing the U.S. Pacific Fleet and securing Japan’s dominance in the Pacific. The attack was on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

The consequences of the attack on the USA were following:

1. The most immediate consequence was the entrance of the United States into World War II. The attack on Pearl Harbor led to a formal declaration of war against Japan.
2. The United States massively mobilized its economy and military for the war effort.
3. The attack led to the internment of Japanese-Americans, as fear and suspicion towards Japan grew
4. The war with Japan ultimately led to the development and use of atomic weapons, culminating in the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
5. In the aftermath of the war, the United States played a leading role in the establishment of the United Nations and the creation of a new international order.

(b) The Japanese made following two crucial mistakes at Pearl Harbour:

1. They did not destroy the ship repair facilities at the base
2. They did not seek out and destroy the US carriers (Lexington and the Enterprise). Due to these mistakes, most of the ships, that were damaged, were soon back in action.

(c) This attack was finally avenged by Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In August 1945, the U.S. dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. These bombings, which caused enormous destruction and loss of life, led to Japan’s unconditional surrender.