Biology
Given below is a diagram of the external features of the human heart. Study the figure and answer the questions that follows :
(a) Label the guidelines shown as 1 to 6 in the figure.
(b) Write the important role of parts 5 and 6.
(c) Name the chamber of the heart which collects blood from the lungs through a blood vessel. Also write the name of the blood vessel.
(d) Write one structural and one functional difference between the blood vessels 4 and 5.
(e) What happens when there is a blockage in any coronary artery or any of their branches?
Answer
(a) Labelled guidelines are:
1 → Aortic Arch
2 → Left atrium
3 → Left ventricle
4 → Aorta
5 → Inferior vena cava
6 → Superior vena cava
(b) Inferior vena cava transports deoxygenated blood from the posterior or the lower region of the body (including abdomen and legs) to heart and superior vena cava transports deoxygenated blood from the anterior or upper regions of the body (including head, chest and arms) to the heart.
(c) Left Atrium collects blood from Lungs. The blood vessel involved is Pulmonary vein.
(d) One structural and one functional difference between Inferior vena cava and Aorta is:
| Inferior vena cava | Aorta |
|---|---|
| Thin wall and wide lumen. | Thick wall and narrow lumen. |
| Transports deoxygenated blood to heart. | Transports oxygenated blood from heart to body parts. |
(e) When there is a blockage in any coronary artery or in any one or more of their branches, there is deadening of the corresponding area of heart muscles leading to myocardial infarction (i.e., heart attack).
Related Questions
Study the following diagram carefully and then answer the questions that follow:
(a) Name the cell labelled 1.
(b) Identify the phenomenon occurring in A.
(c) Mention two structural differences between 1 and 2.
(d) Name the process occurring in B and C and state the importance of this process in the human body.
Given alongside are diagrams of a certain category of blood vessels showing the role of a special structure in their walls. Study the figure and answer the questions that follow.
(a) Name the kind of blood vessels shown in the figure. What are its branches termed as ?
(b) Name the structure shown inside the blood vessels. Write its important role.
(c) What kind of blood flows through these blood vessels normally? Name the blood vessel which carries blood from the heart to the lungs.
(d) Name a similar kind of blood vessel which is related to the liver and kidney.
(e) Draw a neat and labelled diagram of the transverse section of the blood vessel shown above showing the three layers of its wall and lumen.
The diagram given below represents the human heart in one phase of its activity. Study the same and then answer the questions that follow:
(a) Name the phase.
(b) Which part of the heart is contracting in this phase? Give a reason to support your answer.
(c) Name the parts numbered 1 to 6.
(d) What type of blood flows through the parts marked '1' and '2' respectively?
(e) How many valves are closed in this phase?
Given diagram is a schematic representation of the circulatory system in humans. Study the same and answer the questions that follow :
(a) Label the parts 1 and 4 indicated in the diagram.
(b) Which of the above mentioned number is the thickest artery? Also write its name.
(c) Mention the number and chamber of the heart which has the thickest muscular wall.
(d) Which of the above numbers/structures has the maximum number of blood capillaries?
(e) Draw neat and labelled diagrams of the transverse section of vena cava and the part numbered as 3. Make sure to show the structural differences between these two in the diagram.