Biology
Given below is a diagram of a human blood smear. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow:
(i) Name the components numbered '1' to '4'.
(ii) Mention two structural differences between the parts '1' and '2'.
(iii) Name the soluble protein found in part '4' which forms insoluble threads during clotting of blood.
(iv) What is the average lifespan of the component numbered '1'?
(v) Component numbered '1' do not have certain organelles but are very efficient in their function. Explain.
Answer
(i) Components numbered '1' to '4' are:
- 1 → RBC / Erythrocytes
- 2 → WBC / Leucocytes
- 3 → Platelets / Thrombocytes
- 4 → Plasma
(ii) Two structural differences between the parts '1' (RBC) and '2' (WBC) are:
| RBC | WBC |
|---|---|
| Biconcave disc like | Irregular, Amoeboid |
| Nucleus absent | Nucleus present |
(iii) The soluble protein found in part '4' is Fibrinogen.
(iv) The average lifespan of the component numbered '1' (i.e., RBC) is 120 days.
(v) The component numbered 1 i.e., Red Blood Corpuscles (RBCs) do not have mitochondria or ribosomes and nucleus; they are denucleated. The main function of RBCs is the transport of oxygen to the cells of the body, hence they do not have mitochondria making them more efficient. They lack a nucleus which enables them to squeeze through and move easily through narrow vessels like capillaries.
Related Questions
The diagram given below is that of a structure present in a human kidney. Study the same and answer the questions that follow:
(i) Name the structure represented in the diagram.
(ii) What is the liquid entering part '1' called? Name two substances present in this liquid that are reabsorbed in the tubule.
(iii) What is the fluid that comes to part '2' called? Name the main nitrogenous waste in it.
(iv) Mention the three main steps involved in the formation of the fluid mentioned in (iii) above.
(v) Name the substance which may be present in the fluid in part '2' if a person suffers from Diabetes mellitus.
Differentiate between the following pairs on the basis of what is indicated in the brackets.
(i) Leaf and Liver [form in which glucose is stored]
(ii) ATP and AIDS [expand the abbreviations]
(iii) Testosterone and Oestrogen [organ which secretes]
(iv) Ureter and Urethra [function]
(v) Hypotonic solution and Hypertonic solution [condition of a plant cell when placed in them]
Give biological explanations for the following:
(i) Education is very important for population control.
(ii) The placenta is an important structure for the development of a foetus.
(iii) All the food chains begin with green plants.
(iv) Plants growing in fertilized soil are often found to wilt if the soil is not adequately watered.
(v) We should not put sharp objects into our ears.
The diagram below represents a process in plants. The set up was placed in bright sunlight. Answer the following questions:
(i) Name the physiological process depicted in the diagram. Why was oil added to the water?
(ii) When placed in bright sunlight for four hours, what do you observe with regard to the initial and final weight of the plant? Give a suitable reason for your answer.
(iii) What happens to the level of water when this setup is placed in:
- Humid conditions?
- Windy conditions?
(iv) Mention any three adaptations found in plants to overcome the process mentioned in (i).
(v) Explain the term 'Guttation'