Biology
The diagram given below is that of a structure present in a human kidney. Study the same and answer the questions that follow:
(i) Name the structure represented in the diagram.
(ii) What is the liquid entering part '1' called? Name two substances present in this liquid that are reabsorbed in the tubule.
(iii) What is the fluid that comes to part '2' called? Name the main nitrogenous waste in it.
(iv) Mention the three main steps involved in the formation of the fluid mentioned in (iii) above.
(v) Name the substance which may be present in the fluid in part '2' if a person suffers from Diabetes mellitus.
Excretory System
ICSE 2018
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Answer
(i) The structure represented in the diagram is that of Nephron.
(ii) The liquid entering part 1 is called Glomerular filtrate which is formed by the ultrafiltration of blood through glomerulus. The two substances present in this liquid are — Glucose and Water.
(iii) The fluid that comes to part 2 is called urine. The main nitrogenous waste in urine is Urea.
(iv) The three main steps involved in the formation of urine are:
- Ultrafiltration
- Selective reabsorption
- Tubular secretion.
(v) If a person suffers from diabetes mellitus Glucose will be present in the urine.
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(i) Name the phenomenon that is depicted in the diagram. Define the phenomenon.
(ii) Give the technical term for the point of contact between the two nerve cells.
(iii) Name the parts numbered 1, 2 and 3.
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Give appropriate biological or technical terms for the following:
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(v) The complex consisting of a DNA strand and a core of histones.
(vi) The onset of menstruation in a young girl.
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(ix) The relaxation phase of the heart.
(x) The difference between the birth rate and the death rate.
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Given below is a diagram of a human blood smear. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow:
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(ii) Mention two structural differences between the parts '1' and '2'.
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(iv) What is the average lifespan of the component numbered '1'?
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