Chemistry
Give reasons for the following:
Formation of ammonia involves one atom of nitrogen sharing three electron pairs one with each of the three atoms of hydrogen.
Chemical Bonding
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Answer
The valency of nitrogen is 3 and that of hydrogen is 1. N needs three electrons to attain a stable octet and H needs one electron to attain stable duplet. Hence, one atom of nitrogen shares three electron pairs one with each of the three atoms of hydrogen.
Electron Dot Structure:
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Related Questions
Explain the terms :
(a) Lone pair of electrons
(b) Coordinate bond
Explain diagrammatically the lone pair effect of:
(a) The nitrogen atom of the ammonia molecule leading to the formation of ammonium ions [NH4]+
(b) The oxygen atom of the H2O molecule leading to formation of hydronium [H3O]+ and hydroxyl ions [OH]-
Give reasons for the following:
Electrovalent compounds are soluble in water, insoluble in organic solvents, good conductors of electricity in molten or aq. solution state, have high melting points and undergo electrolytic dissociation on passage of electric current, while covalent compounds are soluble in organic solvents, insoluble in water, non-conductors of electricity, have low melting points and undergo ionization on passage of electric current.
Give reasons for the following:
Molecules of hydrogen and chlorine have single covalent bonds between their atoms while oxygen has a double covalent and nitrogen a triple covalent bond respectively.
Give reasons for the following:
A molecule of methane has four single covalent bonds.