Give balanced equations for the laboratory preparations of - Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Alcohols and Acids.

Sl. No.	Compound	from:	by/from:
(a)	Methane [CH4]	Sodium ethanoate [sodium acetate]	by -decarboxylation
(b)	Methane [CH4]	Iodo methane [methyl iodide]	from -an alkylhalide
(c)	Ethane [C2H6]	Sodium propanoate [sodium propionate]	by -decarboxylation
(d)	Ethane [C2H6]	Bromo ethane [ethyl bromide]	from -alkylhalide
(e)	Ethene [C2H4]	from ethanol [ethyl alcohol]	by -dehydration
(f)	Ethene [C2H4]	Bromo ethane [ethyl bromide]	by - dehydrohalogenation
(g)	Ethyne [C2H2]	from calcium carbide	from -a calcium compound
(h)	Ethyne [C2H2]	1,2, dibromoethane [ethylene dibromide]	by -dehydrohalogenation
(i)	Ethanol [C2H5OH]	Bromo ethane [ethyl bromide]	by - hydrolysis of alkylhalide
(j)	Ethanol [C2H5OH]	Ethene [ethylene]	by - hydration of ethene
(k)	Ethanoic acid [CH3COOH]	Ethanol [ethyl alcohol]	by - oxidation of alcohol

(a) Methane [CH₄] by decarboxylation :

$\underset{\text{ sodium acetate}}{\text{CH}$3\text{.COONa}} + \underset{\text{sodalime}}{\text{NaOH}} \xrightarrow[\Delta]{\text{CaO}} \underset{\text{methane}}{\text{C}\text{H}4} + \text{Na}2\text{CO}3

(b) Methane [CH₄] from alkyl halide :

$\underset{\text{ methyl iodide}}{\text{CH}$3\text{I}} + \underset{ \text{ nascent hydrogen}}{2\text{[H]}} \xrightarrow[\text{alcohol}]{\text{Zn/Cu couple}} \underset{ \text{ methane}}{\text{CH}4} + \text{HI}

(c) Ethane [C₂H₆] by decarboxylation :

$\underset{\text{sodium propionate}}{\text{C}$2\text{H}5\text{COONa}} + \underset{\text{sodalime}}{\text{NaOH}} \xrightarrow[\Delta]{\text{CaO}} \underset{\text{ethane}}{\text{C}2\text{H}6} + \text{Na}2\text{CO}3

(d) Ethane [C₂H₆] from alkylhalide :

$\underset{\text{ethylbromide}}{\text{C}$2\text{H}5\text{Br}} + \underset{\text{nascent hydrogen}}{2\text{[H]}} \xrightarrow[\text{alcohol}]{\text{Zn/Cu couple}} \underset{\text{ethane}}{\text{C}2\text{H}6} +\text{HBr}

(e) Ethene [C₂H₄] by dehydration :

$\underset{\text{ ethyl alcohol}}{\text{C}$2\text{H}5\text{OH}} \xrightarrow[170\degree\text{C}]{\text{Conc. H}2\text{SO}4\text{[excess]}} \underset{ \text{ethene}}{\text{C}2\text{H}4} + \text{H}_2\text{O}\

(f) Ethene [C₂H₄] by dehydrohalogenation :

$\underset{\text{ Bromoethane}}{\text{C}$2\text{H}5\text{-Br}} + \underset{\text{alcoholic}}{\text{KOH}} \xrightarrow{\text{boil}} \underset{ \text{ ethene} } {\text{C}2\text{H}4} + \text{KBr} + \text{H}_2\text{O}

(g) Ethyne [C₂H₂] from Calcium Carbide :

$\underset{\text{calcium carbide}}{\text{CaC}$2} + \underset{\text{water}}{2\text{H}2\text{O}} \longrightarrow \underset{\text{ethyne}}{\text{C}2\text{H}2} + \text{Ca(OH)}_2

(h) Ethyne [C₂H₂] from 1,2, dibromoethane [ethylene dibromide] by -dehydrohalogenation :

(i) Ethanol [C₂H₅OH] by hydrolysis of alkylhalide:

$\underset{\text{ Bromo Ethane}}{\text{C}$2\text{H}5\text{-Br}} + \underset{\text{aqueous}}{\text{KOH}} \xrightarrow{\text{boil}} \underset{ \text{ ethanol}} {\text{C}2\text{H}5\text{OH}} + \text{KBr}

(j) Ethanol [C₂H₅OH] by hydration of ethene:

$\underset{\text{Ethene}}{\text{C}$2\text{H}4} + \underset{\text{[conc.]}}{\text{H}2\text{SO}4} \xrightarrow[30 \text{ atmos.}]{80\degree \text{C}} \underset{\text{Ethyl hydrogen sulphate}}{\text{C}2\text{H}5\text{-HSO}_4}

$\underset{\text{Ethyl hydrogen sulphate}}{\text{C}$2\text{H}5\text{-HSO}4} + \underset{\text{[steam]}}{\text{H}2\text{O}} \longrightarrow \underset{\text{ ethanol} }{\text{C}2\text{H}5\text{OH}} + \text{H}2\text{SO}4

$\bigg[\underset{\text{Ethene}}{\text{C}$2\text{H}4} + \underset{\text{ steam} }{\text{H}2\text{O}} \xrightarrow[\text{acid}]{\text{H}^\text{+}} \underset{\text{ ethanol} }{\text{C}2\text{H}_5\text{OH}}\bigg]

(k) Ethanoic acid [CH₃COOH] by oxidation of alcohol :

$\underset{\text{ Ethanol}}{\text{C}$2\text{H}5\text{OH}} +[\text{O}]\xrightarrow[\text{acidified}]{\text{K}2\text{Cr}2\text{O}7} \underset{\text{[Acetaldehyde]} }{\text{CH}3\text{CHO}} + \text{H}_2\text{O}

$\underset{\text{[Acetaldehyde]} }{\text{CH}$3\text{CHO}} +[\text{O}]\xrightarrow[\text{acidified}]{\text{K}2\text{Cr}2\text{O}7} \underset{\text{[Acetic acid]} }{\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}}