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Chemistry

Give balanced equations for the following reactions using sulphuric acid.

  1. Formation of a black mark on a piece of wood on addition of conc. H2SO4 to it.
  2. Oxidation of a foul smelling acidic gas, heavier than air and fairly soluble in H2O by conc. H2SO4.
  3. Formation of an acid salt from sulphuric acid and (a) an alkali (b) a sodium salt.
  4. Formation of a hydrocarbon from an organic compound
  5. Formation of sulphur dioxide using a metal below hydrogen in the activity series.

Sulphuric Acid

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Answer

  1. [C6H10O5]n→Conc. H2SO46[C]n+5[H2O]n[\text{C}{6}\text{H}{10}\text{O}{5}]\text{n}\xrightarrow{\text{Conc. H}2\text{SO}4} \text{6[C]}\text{n} + \text{5[H}2\text{O}]\text{n}

  2. H2S + H2SO4 (conc.) ⟶ S + 2H2O + SO2

  3. (a) Formation of an acid salt from sulphuric acid and an alkali (NaOH):
    NaOH [insufficient] + H2SO4 (dil.)⟶ NaHSO4 + H2O

    (b) Formation of an acid salt from sulphuric acid and a sodium salt (NaCl):
    NaCl+H2SO4[conc.]→<200°CNaHSO4+HCl\text{NaCl} + \text{H}2\text{SO}4 [\text{conc.}] \xrightarrow{\lt 200 \degree\text{C}} \text{NaHSO}_\text{4} + \text{HCl}

  4. C2H5OH→Conc. H2SO4C2H4 [ethene−ethylene]+H2O\text{C}{2}\text{H}{5}\text{OH}\xrightarrow{\text{Conc. H}2\text{SO}4} \text{C}{2}\text{H}{4} \small{\space[ethene-ethylene]} + \text{H}_2\text{O}

  5. Cu + 2H2SO4 (conc.) ⟶ CuSO4 + 2H2O +SO2

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