Chemistry
Define the following and give two examples in each case : (a) a normal salt, (b) an acid salt, (c) a basic salt.
Acids Bases Salts
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Answer
(a) A normal salt — Normal salts are the salts formed by the complete replacement of the ionisable hydrogen atoms of an acid by a metallic or an ammonium ion.
Examples — Sodium Sulphate [Na2SO4], Sodium Chloride [NaCl]
(b) An acidic salt — Acid salts are formed by the partial replacement of the ionisable hydrogen atoms of a polybasic acid by a metal or an ammonium ion.
Examples — Sodium Hydrogen Sulphate [NaHSO4], Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate [Na2HPO4]
(c) A basic salt — Basic salts are formed by the partial replacement of the hydroxyl group of a di- or a tri-acidic base by an acid radical.
Examples — Basic lead chloride [Pb(OH)Cl], Basic magnesium chloride [Mg(OH)Cl].
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Related Questions
Solution P has a pH of 13, solution Q has a pH of 6 and solution R has a pH of 2.
Which solution:
(a) Will liberate ammonia from ammonium sulphate on heating.
(b) is a strong acid?
(c) contains molecules as well as ions?
Select the word/s given below which are required to correctly complete the blanks — [ammonia, ammonium, carbonate, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, hydronium, hydroxide, precipitate, salt water] :
(i) A solution M turns blue litmus red, so it must contain (i) …………… ions ; another solution O turns red litmus blue and hence, must contain, (ii) …………… ions.
(ii) When solution M and O are mixed together, the products will be (iii) …………… and (iv) …………… .
(iii) If a piece of magnesium was put into a solution M,(v) …………… gas would be evolved.
Answer the following questions related to salts and their preparations:
(a) What is a 'salt' ?
(b) What kind of salt is prepared by precipitation?
(c) Name a salt prepared by direct combination. Write an equation for the reaction that takes place in preparing the salt you have named.
(d) Name the procedure used to prepare a sodium salt such as sodium sulphate.
Explain the following methods with examples:
(a) Direct combination
(b) Displacement
(c) Double decomposition (precipitation)
(d) Neutralization of insoluble base
(e) Neutralization of an alkali (titration)