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Chemistry

Define or explain the terms:

(i) Covalent or molecular bond

(ii) Covalent or molecular compound

(iii) Covalency

(iv) Shared pair of electrons.

Chemical Bonding

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Answer

(i) Covalent or molecular bond — The chemical bond that is formed between two combining atoms by mutual sharing of one or more pair of electrons is called a covalent bond.
Depending on the number of electron pairs shared : bond is single [-], double [=], or triple [≡] covalent.

(ii) Covalent or molecular compound — The chemical compound formed due to the mutual sharing of electrons between the given pair of atoms thereby forming a covalent bond is called covalent compound.

(iii) Covalency — Covalency of an atom is the number of electron pairs which the atom shares with one or more atoms of the same or different kind to achieve stable electronic configuration. For example : the covalency of hydrogen is 1, oxygen is 2 and nitrogen is 3.

(iv) Shared pair of electrons — A pair of electrons which is being shared between two atoms resulting in the formation of a covalent bond is called a shared pair of electrons.

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