Chemistry
Give two differences between the covalent compounds – methane (non-polar) and HCl (polar)
Chemical Bonding
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Answer
| Methane (non-polar) covalent compound | HCl (polar) covalent compound |
|---|---|
| Covalent compounds are said to be non-polar when shared pair of electrons are equally distributed between the two atoms. | Covalent compounds are said to be polar when shared pair of electrons are unequally distributed between the two atoms. |
| The covalent molecule is symmetrical and electrically neutral. | The atom which attracts electrons more strongly develops a slight negative charge while the other develops a slight positive charge. |
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Related Questions
Explain with the help of electron dot diagrams the formation of the following molecules, stating the valency of each element involved.
(a) Hydrogen
(b) Chlorine
(c) Oxygen
(d) Nitrogen
(e) Water
(f) Methane
(g) Carbon tetrachloride
(h) Ammonia
(i) Carbon dioxide
[at. nos. H = 1, C = 6, N = 7, O = 8, Cl = 17]
Fill in the blanks with appropriate word/s from the brackets :
Covalent compounds are formed by sharing electron pairs between non-metallic atoms. Non-metallic atoms having …………… , …………… , …………… valence electrons (4, 5, 6, 7) share one, two or three pairs of electrons respectively.
Define or explain the terms:
(i) Covalent or molecular bond
(ii) Covalent or molecular compound
(iii) Covalency
(iv) Shared pair of electrons.
Give reasons for the following:
Molecules of hydrogen and chlorine have single covalent bonds between their atoms while oxygen has a double covalent and nitrogen a triple covalent bond respectively.