(a) Draw a labelled diagram to make an electromagnet from a soft iron bar. Mark the polarity at its ends in your diagram.

(b) What is the nature of magnetic field inside a long straight solenoid carrying current?

(c) Consider a circular loop of wire lying in the plane of a table. Let the current pass through the loop clockwise. Applying the right hand rule, find out the direction of the magnetic field inside and outside the loop.

(a) Below diagram shows an electromagnet made from a soft iron bar with polarity of the ends labelled:

(b) Magnetic field inside a long straight solenoid carrying current is uniform i.e., same at all points.

(c) Direction of magnetic field:
Inside the loop — Going into the table.
Outside the loop — Emerging out of the table.

Explanation:
On applying the right-hand rule to the downward direction of the current flowing in the circular loop, the direction of magnetic field lines will be as if they are emerging out from the table outside the loop and merging into the table inside the loop.
Similarly, for the upward direction of the current flowing in the circular loop, the direction of magnetic field lines will be as if they are emerging out from the table outside the loop and merging into the table inside the loop.