Tick the right option
Question 1
Iron ore with magnetic property
- haematite
- limonite
- magnetite
- siderite
Answer
magnetite
Question 2
State with the largest producer of iron ore
- Karnataka
- Chhattisgarh
- Odisha
- Jharkhand
Answer
Odisha
Question 3
It makes steel strong, removes impurities and makes it immune to rusting
- Copper
- manganese
- mica
- uranium
Answer
manganese
Question 4
The largest producer of manganese in the world is
- USA
- South Africa
- Russia
- Germany
Answer
South Africa
Question 5
Kazakhistan is the largest producer of
- mica
- uranium
- magnesium
- silver
Answer
Uranium
Question 6
A radioactive material used in nuclear defence system and nuclear generation of electricity
- limestone
- coal
- uranium
- mica
Answer
uranium
Question 7
Mexico is the largest producer of which mineral?
- Silver
- Gold
- mica
- copper
Answer
Silver
Question 8
The mineral widely used for making alloy
- copper
- limestone
- manganese
- silver
Answer
copper
Question 9
A form of underground mining using shafts
- Drilling
- Surface mining
- Sub-surface mining
Answer
Sub-surface mining
Question 10
Practice of mining a seam of mineral by first removing a long strip of overlying soil and rock
- open pit mining
- strip mining
- sub-surface mining
Answer
strip mining
Fill in the blanks
Question 1
A mineral is naturally occurring chemical compound of ............... form.
Answer
A mineral is naturally occurring chemical compound of crystalline form.
Question 2
The largest producer of copper is ............... .
Answer
The largest producer of copper is chile .
Question 3
Minerals may be ............... or ............... .
Answer
Minerals may be Metallic or Non-metallic .
Question 4
Gold is a ............... metal.
Answer
Gold is a precious metal.
Question 5
Natural gas occurs in association with ............... .
Answer
Natural gas occurs in association with petroleum .
Explain the following terms in brief
Question 1
Hard rock mining
Answer
Hard rock mining refers to underground mining techniques that are used for extraction of hard minerals like metal ores. These are ores containing iron, copper, gold, silver etc.
Question 2
Open pit mining
Answer
Open pit mines are big pits made on the ground to extract minerals. It is used when deposits of commercially useful ore or rocks are found near the surface.
Question 3
Mineral
Answer
A mineral is an aggregate of two or more than two elements. A mineral has a definite chemical composition and is formed by inorganic process. Minerals may be metallic, Non-metallic or energy providing.
Question 4
Mineral fuel
Answer
Fossil Fuels or Mineral Oils or mineral fuel are the hydrocarbon fuel that we extract from the earth's crust. They are formed over millions of years from the fossils or remains of dead animals and plants that were buried under dirt and rocks. Heat from inside the earth and pressure from rocks changed these fossils into coal, oil and natural gas.
Question 5
Ore
Answer
Ores are minerals that have a high concentration of a certain element typically a metal, e.g. bauxite is the ore of aluminum.
Differentiate between
Question 1
Mineral and ore
Answer
| Sl. No. | Mineral | Ore |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | A mineral is an aggregate of two or more than two elements. | Ores are minerals that have a high concentration of a certain element typically a metal. |
| 2. | All minerals are not ores. | All ores are minerals. |
| 3. | Example: Iron, Copper | Example: Bauxite, Magnetite |
Question 2
Metallic and Non-metallic minerals
Answer
| Sl. No. | Metallic minerals | Non-metallic minerals |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | They are hard and show a metallic shine in their appearance. | They have a non-metallic shine or lustre. |
| 2. | Metals in raw form are extracted from them. | Do not contain extractable metals in their chemical composition. |
| 3. | They are ductile. | They are non-ductile. |
| 4. | Metallic minerals are found in igneous rocks. | Non-metallic minerals are found in sedimentary rocks. |
Question 3
Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals
Answer
| Sl. No. | Ferrous minerals | Non-ferrous minerals |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | The minerals that contain iron are called ferrous minerals. | The minerals that do not contain iron are called non-ferrous mineral. |
| 2. | They are magnetic. | They are non-magnetic. |
| 3. | They are heavier. | They are generally light weight. |
Question 4
Open cast mining and underground mining
Answer
| Sl. No. | Open cast mining | Underground mining |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Used to extract minerals that are present near the surface of earth. | Used to extract minerals that are buried too deep. |
| 2. | Also known as open pit mining. | Also known as sub-surface mining. |
Answer in brief
Question 1
What is the need for conservation of mineral resources?
Answer
The mineral resources are finite and non-renewable. It takes millions of years for the formation of minerals. Compared to the present rate of consumption, the replenishment rate of minerals is very slow. That is why, there is a need to conserve the mineral resources.
Question 2
Give some uses of bauxite.
Answer
Some uses of Bauxite are:
- It is the raw material for extraction of Aluminium.
- It is used for making aircrafts, ship and utensils.
- It is used in electrical industries.
- It is used in cement industry, soda cans, dishwashers.
Question 3
What is iron ore used for?
Answer
Main uses of iron ore are the following:
- Iron ore is used for extraction of iron which is further used for making pig iron, sponge iron and steel.
- Iron is used for construction of roads, railways, appliances, buildings, machines, tools and automobiles.
- Steel is used in a variety of other construction materials such as bolts, nails and screws.
- Other applications include ship building, pipeline transport, mining, furniture and armour like personal armour and vehicle armour.
Question 4
Which is the largest producer of bauxite in the world?
Answer
Jamaica is the largest producer of bauxite in the world.
Question 5
State the importance of copper in the industrial development.
Answer
Copper is in great demand in the industrial field because of its high ductility, and high thermal and electrical conductivity. Following are the important uses of copper:
- It is mainly used in electrical machinery, automobile industry, stainless steel and telephones.
- Copper is also used in railway equipment industry and other engineering works.
- The nickel-copper alloy (morel metal) is very tough and resists corrosion and is largely used as a material for construction in the chemical industry.
Question 6
State any three uses of uranium.
Answer
Three uses of uranium are:
- Nuclear defence system and nuclear generation of electricity.
- Nuclear medicine and x-ray machines
- Atomic dating and electronic instrument