Tick the right option
Question 1
In plantation farming farmers grow
- rice
- cotton
- rubber
- wheat
Answer
rubber
Question 2
Rice is grown in the
- drier regions
- wet regions
- polar regions
- none of these
Answer
wet regions
Question 3
In commercial farming farmers use
- small land
- modern tools
- less capital
- all of these
Answer
modern tools
Question 4
Extensive farming is practised in areas with
- high population
- Less population
- Medium population
- None of these
Answer
Less population
Question 5
Type of farming in which the farmer produces crops for sale usually for world markets.
- mixed farming
- extensive commercial farming
- plantation farming
Answer
extensive commercial farming
Question 6
Monoculture of wheat is the most dominant cropping pattern in this type of farming
- organic farming
- commercial farming
- plantation farming
Answer
commercial farming
Question 7
This type of farming is practiced around the Mediterranean region.
- intensive commercial farming
- subsistence farming
- mixed farming
Answer
intensive commercial farming
Question 8
In plantation farming the main crops grown are
- rice and wheat
- pulses and millets
- rubber and coffee
Answer
rubber and coffee
Question 9
It is not a measure adopted under Green Revolution
- rural electrification
- fragmentation of holdings
- improved rural infrastructure
- irrigation
Answer
fragmentation of holdings
Question 10
Harmful impact of Green Revolution
- polluted groundwater
- use of HYV seed
- land reforms
- use of insecticides
Answer
polluted groundwater
Question 11
Crops which are not grown as food crops but for sale to earn profit are known as:
- cash crops
- food crops
- Rabi crops
- Zayad crops
Answer
cash crops
Question 12
Which is not an advantage of transplantation?
- well developed shoot system
- seedling at right spacing
- wastage of seeds
Answer
wastage of seeds
Question 13
Fine plucking is related to
- cotton
- coffee
- tea
- rubber
Answer
tea
Question 14
Method of cultivation where seeds are dropped in regular intervals in furrows.
- dibbling
- drilling
- transplantation
- broadcasting
Answer
dibbling
Fill in the blanks
Question 1
............... agriculture is carried out in most parts of India.
Answer
Subsistence agriculture is carried out in most parts of India.
Question 2
............... crop is called a plantation crop.
Answer
Tea crop is called a plantation crop.
Question 3
............... type of agriculture was carried out in north-east India.
Answer
Shifting type of agriculture was carried out in north-east India.
Question 4
The northern plains of USA are famous for growing ............... .
Answer
The northern plains of USA are famous for growing wheat.
Question 5
............... is a cash crop.
Answer
Jute is a cash crop.
Differentiate between
Question 1
Subsistence farming and commercial farming
Answer
| Sl. No. | Subsistence farming | Commercial farming |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Subsistence farming is done by the farmer for self and family consumption. | Commercial farming is done by farmer for sale in world market. |
| 2. | Subsistence farming is done on a very small scale on a small piece of land. | Commercial farming is done on greater area of land. |
| 3. | Subsistence farming is done with simple techniques, family labour. | Commercial farming is done with the help of developed machinery and less labourers. |
Question 2
Food crops and cash crops
Answer
| Sl. No. | Food crops | Cash crops |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Food crops are grown for consumption as food. | Cash crops are grown to serve as raw material for different industries. |
| 2. | Generally intensive type of agriculture is practised. | They are grown mainly for export and grown by extensive farming. |
| 3. | Example: Rice, Wheat, pulses | Example: Jute, sugarcane |
Question 3
Extensive farming and intensive farming
Answer
| Sl. No. | Extensive farming | Intensive farming |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Extensive farming is done on larger area of land. | Intensive farming is done on smaller land holdings. |
| 2. | Land may be left fallow for a year or two to enable it to regain its fertility. | Land is not left fallow and more than one crop are taken in an year. |
| 3. | Extensive farming is followed in area were more land is available and population is less. | Intensive farming is done in densely populated areas. |
| 4. | Less labour is employed. | More domestic labour is used. |
Answer in brief
Question 1
What is subsistence farming? State two features of this type of farming.
Answer
Subsistence farming is a type of farming that aims to cultivate crops for consumption by the farmer and his family. The farmer has a small piece of land on which he and his family works. Two features of this type of farming are:
- It is characterised by the use of simple techniques, family labour and a poor standard of living.
- Any surplus crop could be exchanged for goods or stored for future use in times of poor harvest.
Question 2
Name two areas where commercial farming is practised. What are the advantages of commercial farming? Explain the types of commercial farming.
Answer
Two areas where commercial farming is practised are
- United States
- Egypt
The advantages of commercial farming are:
- Highly mechanised.
- Employs less labour.
- Provides the lowest cost of production.
- Creates employment opportunities for local people.
Commercial farming is of two types
- Extensive commercial farming — It implies employment of greater area of land in proportion to capital and labour. Land may be left fallow for a year or two to enable it to regain its fertility. The method may be somewhat wasteful and the yield per hectare may be less.
- Intensive commercial farming — Intensive commercial farming is practised where farm land is of high value. Population pressure reduces the size of individual holdings, as is the case in the delta regions of the great rivers of Asia. This type of farming has, therefore, developed mainly in the densely populated countries with limited arable land.
Question 3
What type of crops/plants are grown in plantation farming? Mention two characteristics of plantation farming.
Answer
Plantation crops are those which are cultivated on extensive scale like tea, coffee and rubber.
Two characteristics of plantation farming are:
- These crops are not consumed for food.
- They are grown for sale in distant markets, rather than for local consumption.
Question 4
Define Green Revolution. How did it help in agricultural development? What are its drawbacks?
Answer
Green Revolution refers to the global increase in agricultural productivity that was brought by introduction of chemical fertilizers, synthetic herbicides and pesticides, high-yield crops, and the method of multiple cropping. It helped the agriculture industry to produce much larger quantities of food. This increase in productivity made it possible to feed the growing human population.
The drawbacks of Green Revolution are:
- The Green Revolution used a lot of chemical pesticides and fertilizers.
- These chemicals were very toxic and not safe for humans and other organism.
- The use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide created lot of pollution.
- Excessive use of fertilizers made soil alkaline and unfit for cultivation.
- Chemical fertilisers polluted groundwater.
Question 5
Write short note on the benefits of the Green Revolution.
Answer
Green Revolution in late sixties brought a turning point in agriculture. As a result the productivity of global agriculture increased drastically. This increase in productivity made it possible to feed the growing human population. There was introduction of High yielding Varieties of crop seeds. This helped a lot to prevent starvation in many developing countries. The Green Revolution also improved the rural infrastructure and brought about rural electrification.
Give reasons
Question 1
Farmers use traditional tools in subsistence farming.
Answer
Subsistence farming is done on a small piece of land to support the farmer and his family. Since the land is small and farmer has poor standard of living, only traditional tools are used in subsistence farming.
Question 2
Plantation farming is labour intensive.
Answer
Plantation farming is done on a very extensive scale. The size of plantation estates is generally very large. Hence, it is labour intensive.
Question 3
The Green Revolution brought a significant change in farming.
Answer
The Green Revolution was a turning point in agriculture. It led to the increase in global productivity. It brought many changes in farming which led to increase in productivity. These changes were:
- introduction of High Yielding Varieties
- use of chemical fertilizers
- Use of synthetic herbicides and pesticides