Biology
With the help of a suitable diagram, describe the structure and function of a neuron.
Nervous System
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Answer
A neuron is made up of two main parts —
- A main cell body called Cyton
- A long process called Axon
The cell body contains a nucleus. The dendrites are cytoplasmic extensions of the cell body. From the cell body arises one long process called the axon. Its length may vary from a few millimetres to 1 metre. The end of the axon terminates in a number of branched filaments called terminal branches.
The function of a neuron is to receive messages (impulses) from the organs and transmit them through the cell body into the axon which transmits the message. Message is relayed from one neuron to the other through the synapse which is a small junction used for communication between two neurons.
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Related Questions
Draw a neat and labeled diagram of a neuron and answer the following questions :
(a) What are the two main parts of a neuron?
(b) Is this structure unicellular or multicellular?
(c) Which part of the neuron contains nucleus?
(d) Name the two parts of the human body where neurons are found abundantly.
(e) How are neurons significant to us?
With the help of a suitable example, describe reflex action.
Briefly differentiate between the following by giving examples:
Voluntary and involuntary action.
Briefly differentiate between the following by giving examples:
Inborn and acquired reflexes.