With reference to UNESCO, answer the following questions:

(a) What were the objectives of the formation of UNESCO?

(b) How is the development of education, science and culture related to peace?

(c) What efforts have been made by UNESCO to preserve cultural heritage?

(a) The main objective of UNESCO is to contribute to peace and security in the world by promoting collaboration among nations through education, science, culture and communication. This is undertaken to further respect for justice, for the rule of law and for the human rights for all human beings.

(b) Promotion of education, scientific spirit and enriching culture help in spreading peace and harmony in the world in the following ways:

1. Education provides people with knowledge and inspires them to make a better world.
2. Education results in increased economic growth and stability.
3. It is also an instrument for promoting international understanding and peace.
4. Sciences helps humans to always question superstitions.
5. It teaches not to follow any custom or practice blindly.
6. Social Sciences focus attention on combating all forms of discrimination.
7. Culture enriches the lives of individuals.
8. It makes people appreciate variety of customs and traditions and make them tolerant.
9. UNESCO works towards the cultural development through the medium of fine arts. It sends cultural missions to various countries.
10. This helps in promoting peace and prosperity

(c) UNESCO encourages modernisation without the loss of cultural identity and diversity.

1. UNESCO provides technical advice and assistance, equipment and funds for the preservation of monuments and other works of art. It has prepared a World Heritage List to identify the monuments and sites which are to be protected.
2. It aims to protect the world inheritance of books, works of art and rare manuscripts.
3. It gives encouragement to artistic creations in literature and fine arts.
4. It pays attention towards the cultural development through the medium of films.
5. It sends cultural missions to different countries so that there would be development of contacts which may promote peace and prosperity. In the past it has provided travel grants to writers and artists under a project named Mutual Appreciation of Eastern and Western Cultural Values. Under this scheme, India's talented exponents of classical music and dance travelled to Europe and America.