With reference to Haber’s process, write the equation and the conditions required.

Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen under specific conditions liberating ammonia

N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃ + Δ

Conditions :

Temperature : 450-500°C [Optimum temperature]

Pressure : 200 to 900 atmospheres [Optimum pressure]

Catalyst : Finely divided iron [Fe]

Promotor : Molybdenum [Mo]

[Catalyst - iron [III] oxide [Fe₂O₃] may also be used containing promoters about 1% K₂O and 3% Al₂O₃]

Precautions : Impurities like CO, CO₂, and H₂S may poison the catalyst hence, the nitrogen-hydrogen reactant mixture must be free from them.