Physics
Why is a very high temperature required for the process of nuclear fusion? State the approximate temperature required.
Radioactivity
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Answer
Nuclear fusion is not possible at ordinary temperature and ordinary pressure because when two nuclei approach each other, due to their positive charge, the electrostatic force of repulsion becomes too strong between them that they do not fuse. Hence, to make the fusion possible, a high temperature of (≈ 107 K) and high pressure is required. Due to thermal agitations both nuclei acquire sufficient kinetic energy at such a high temperature so as to overcome the force of repulsion between them when they approach each other and so they get fused.
That is why the fusion reaction is also called the thermo nuclear reaction.
The temperature required is ≈ 107 K.
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(b) What other name is given to nuclear fusion? Give reason.
(a) Write one nuclear fusion reaction.
(b) State the approximate value of energy released in the reaction mentioned in part (a).
(c) Give reason for the release of energy stated in part (b).
(a) State one similarity in the process of nuclear fission and fusion.
(b) State two differences between the process of nuclear fission and fusion.