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When an ammonium salt is warmed with sodium hydroxide solution, a gas is evolved. State three ways in which you could identify this gas.

Ammonia

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Answer

When an ammonium salt is warmed with sodium hydroxide solution, ammonia gas is evolved.

NH4Cl + NaOH ⟶ NaCl + H2O + NH3

Three ways in which ammonia gas can be identified is:

  1. It has a sharp characteristic odour.
  2. It turns:
    1. moist red litmus blue,
    2. moist turmeric paper brown,
    3. phenolphthalein solution pink.
  3. It gives dense white fumes with conc. hydrochloric acid.
    NH3 + HCl ⟶ NH4Cl

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