What do the following functions return for :

String x = "hello"; 
String y = "world";

(i) System.out.println(x + y);

(ii) System.out.println(x.length( ));

(iii) System.out.println(x.charAt(3));

(iv) System.out.println(x.equals(y));

(i) System.out.println(x + y);

Output

helloworld

Explanation

+ operator concatenates String objects x and y.

(ii) System.out.println(x.length( ));

Output

5

Explanation

length() returns the length of the String object. Since x has 5 characters, the length of the string is 5.

(iii) System.out.println(x.charAt(3));

Output

l

Explanation

chatAt() returns the character at the given index. Index starts from 0 and continues till length - 1. Thus, the character at index 3 is l.

(iv) System.out.println(x.equals(y));

Output

false

Explanation

equals() method checks for value equality, i.e., whether both objects have the same value regardless of their memory location. As values of x and y are not the same, so the method returns false.