The figure given below is a diagrammatic representation of a part of the cross section of the root in the root hair zone. Study the same and then answer the questions that follow:

(i) Name the parts indicated by the guidelines 1 to 4.

(ii) Which is the process that enables the passage of water from the soil into the root hair?

(iii) Name the pressure that is responsible for the movement of water in the direction indicated by the arrows. Define it.

(iv) Due to an excess of this pressure sometimes drops of water are found along the leaf margins of some plants especially in the early mornings. What is the phenomenon called?

(v) Draw a well labelled diagram of the root hair cell as it would appear if an excess of fertiliser is added to the soil close to it.

(i) The parts indicated by the guidelines 1 to 4 are:

• 1 → Root hair cell
• 2 → Soil Water
• 3 → Xylem vessel
• 4 → Cortex cells

(ii) Osmosis.

(iii) Root pressure is responsible for the movement of water in the direction of the arrows. Root pressure is built up due to cell-to-cell osmosis in the root tissue. As one turgid cell presses the next cell, the force of the flow of water increases inwards.

(iv) Guttation.

(V) Below is the diagram showing the root hair cell with an excess of fertiliser added to the soil close to it: