Chemistry

The equations given below relate to the manufacture of sodium carbonate [Mol. wt. of Na₂CO₃ = 106]
(i) NaCl + NH₃ + CO₂ + H₂O ⟶ NaHCO₃ + NH₄Cl
(ii) 2NaHCO₃ ⟶ Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂
Equations (1) and (2) are based on the production of 21.2 g. of sodium carbonate.
(a) What mass of sodium hydrogen carbonate must be heated to give 21.2 g. of sodium carbonate
(b) To produce the mass of sodium hydrogen carbonate calculated in (a), what volume of carbon dioxide, measured at s.t.p., would be required.

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$\begin{matrix} 2\text{NaHCO}$

106 g of Na₂CO₃ is obtained from 168 g of NaHCO₃

∴ 21.2 g. of Na₂CO₃ is obtained from $\dfrac{168}{106}$ x 21.2 = 33.6 g of NaHCO₃

(ii)

$\begin{matrix} \text{NaCl} & + & \text{NH}$

84 g of NaHCO₃ is obtained from 22.4 lit of CO₂

∴ 33.6 g. of NaHCO₃ is obtained from $\dfrac{22.4}{84}$ x 33.6 = 8.96 lit.

Hence, 8.96 lit of CO₂ is required.

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