Physics
The diagram given below shows three ways in which the string of length l in an instrument can vibrate.
(a) Which of the diagram shows the principal note ?
(b) Which vibration has the frequency four times that of the first ?
(c) Which vibration is of longest wavelength ?
(d) What is the ratio of the frequency of vibrations in diagrams (i) and (ii) ?
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Answer
(a) The principal note is shown in part (i) of the diagram.
(b) Part (iii) of the diagram has frequency four times that of the first.
(c) The vibration in part (i) has the longest wavelength.
(d) Let the frequency of part (i) be f. Then frequency of part (ii) is 2f.
Hence, the ratio between (i) and (ii) is —
Therefore, the ratio between the frequency of part (i) and part (ii) is 1 : 2
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The diagram in figure below shows the displacement-time graph of a vibrating body.
(i) Name the kind of vibrations.
(ii) Give one example of such vibration.
(iii) Why is the amplitude of vibrations gradually decreasing?
(iv) What happens to the vibrations of the body after some time?
(a) Draw a graph between displacement and time for a body executing natural vibrations
(b) Where can a body execute the natural vibrations?
Explain why strings of different thickness are provided on stringed instrument.
[Hint — Natural frequency of vibration of a stretched string is inversely proportional to the radius (or thickness) of string so notes of different frequencies can be obtained by producing vibrations in the different strings]