Biology
The diagram given below show the cross section of two kinds of blood vessels:
(i) Identify the blood vessels A and B. In each case give a reason to support your answer.
(ii) Name the parts numbered 1 and 2.
(iii) When are the sound "LUBB" and "DUP" produced during a heartbeat?
(iv) Name the blood vessel that:
- begins and ends in capillaries
- supplies blood to the walls of the heart.
Circulatory System
ICSE 2012
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Answer
(i) A → Artery, B → Vein
A has narrow lumen and thick muscular wall whereas B has wide lumen and thin muscular wall.
(ii) The parts numbered 1 and 2 are:
- 1 → Endothelium
- 2 → Lumen
(iii) The first sound "LUBB" is produced when the atrio-ventricular (tricuspid and bicuspid) valves get closed sharply at the start of ventricular systole. The second sound "DUP" is produced when at the beginning of ventricular diastole, the semilunar valves at the roots of aorta and pulmonary artery get closed.
(iv) Names of the respective blood vessels are given below:
- Begins and ends in capillaries — "Hepatic portal Vein".
- Supplies blood to the walls of the Heart — "Coronary artery".
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