Chemistry
| Hydrogen Chloride | Complete and balance the equations |
|---|---|
| a. Preparation of hydrogen chloride | |
| 1. By direct combination | H2 + Cl2 ⟶ …………… |
| 2. Laboratory preparations [metal chloride] | NaCl + H2SO4 ⟶ …………… + HCl (temp < 200°C) |
| NaCl + NaHSO4 ⟶ …………… + HCl (temp > 200°C) | |
| NaCl + H2SO4 ⟶ …………… + HCl (temp > 200°C) |
Hydrogen Chloride
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Answer
| Hydrogen Chloride | Complete and balance the equations |
|---|---|
| a. Preparation of hydrogen chloride | |
| 1. By direct combination | H2 + Cl2 ⟶ 2HCl |
| 2. Laboratory preparations [metal chloride] | NaCl + H2SO4 ⟶ NaHSO4 + HCl (temp < 200°C) |
| NaCl + NaHSO4 ⟶ Na2SO4 + HCl (temp > 200°C) | |
| 2NaCl + H2SO4 ⟶ Na2SO4 + 2HCl (temp > 200°C) |
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b. Properties of hydrogen chloride 3. Thermal dissociation 2HCl ⇌ …………… + …………… (temp > 500°C) 4. Reaction with ammonia NH3 + HCl ⟶ …………… Hydrocloric acid [dilute] 5. Monobasic acid HCl ⇌ …………… + Cl- ;
[H+ + H2O ⟶ ……………]Reaction with 6. Active metal Al + HCl ⟶ …………… + …………… 7. Base - copper [II] oxide
- ammonium hydroxideCuO + HCl ⟶ …………… + ……………
NH4OH + HCl ⟶ …………… + ……………8. Sodium carbonate Na2CO3 + HCl ⟶ …………… + H2O + …………… 9. Sodium hydrogen carbonate NaHCO3 + HCl ⟶ …………… + H2O + …………… 10. Sodium sulphite Na2SO3 + HCl ⟶ …………… + H2O + …………… 11. Sodium bisulphite NaHSO3 + HCl ⟶ …………… + H2O + …………… 12. Iron [II] sulphide FeS + HCl ⟶ …………… + …………… 13. Silver nitrate AgNO3 + HCl ⟶ …………… + …………… 14. Lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2 + HCl ⟶ …………… + …………… 15. Sodium thiosulphate soln. Na2S2O3 + HCl ⟶ …………… + …………… + …………… + …………… Oxidising agents 16. Lead dioxide [lead [IV] oxide] PbO2 + HCl ⟶ …………… + H2O + …………… 17. Red lead [trilead tetroxide] Pb3O4 + HCl ⟶ …………… + H2O + …………… 18. Potassium permanganate KMnO4 + …………… ⟶ …………… + …………… + …………… + Cl2 19. Potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7 + …………… ⟶ …………… + …………… + …………… + Cl2 20. Nitric acid [conc.] HNO3 + 3HCl ⟶ …………… + …………… + Cl2
[Au + [Cl] ⟶ …………… ]Tests for hydrochloric acid 21. Glass rod dipped in ammonia soln. NH3 + …………… ⟶ …………… 22. Addition of silver nitrate soln. AgNO3 + …………… ⟶ …………… ↓ + …………… 23. Solubility of silver chloride AgCl + NH4OH ⟶ …………… + …………… 24. Heated with manganese dioxide [manganese [IV] oxide] …………… + HCl ⟶ MnCl2 + …………… + …………… [g] Write a balanced equation for Sodium chloride from sodium carbonate soln. and dilute hydrochloric acid.
Of the two gases, NH3 and HCl, which is more dense. Name the method of collection of this gas.