How does Newton’s second law of motion differ from first law of motion?

Newton's first law of motion defines force only qualitatively. A force is that physical cause which changes the state of motion of a body when it is applied on it. It means that the force produces acceleration in the body i.e., the force is the cause of acceleration.

Whereas, Newton's second law of motion gives the quantitative value of force, i.e., it relates force to the measurable quantities like acceleration and mass.