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History & Civics

Gopal Krishna Gokhale, the political mentor of Gandhiji, was one of the most popular Early Nationalist leaders. In this context, answer the following:

(a) State three policies of the imperial regime which were opposed by Gokhale.

(b) What role did he play as a member of Imperial Legislative Council?

(c) How did he try to arouse national awakening?

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Answer

(a) Three policies of the imperial regime which were opposed by Gokhale were-

  1. Incurring huge expenditure on the British army
  2. Adopting the policy of racial discrimination in appointments to high posts
  3. Imposing production tax on cotton

(b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale's role as a member of Imperial Legislative Council-

  1. In 1902 Gokhale became the member of the Imperial Legislative Council. He pleaded in the Council for reduction in Salt Duty and the abolition of excise duty on cotton goods.
  2. His relentless efforts led to reduction in toll tax.
  3. He tried to introduce a bill with a view to make primary education compulsory but he could not achieve much success in it.
  4. Being an economist, he demanded radical changes in the fiscal policy and better jobs for the educated middle class.
  5. He impressed upon the government to reduce the land revenue.

(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale tried to arouse national awakening in India in the following ways-

  1. He criticised the Government on issues such as incurring huge expenditure on the British army, adopting the policy of racial discrimination in appointments to high posts and imposing production tax on cotton.
  2. During his visit to England he tried to persuade the British statesmen not to give effect to the Partition of Bengal.
  3. Gokhale set up the Servants of India Society in 1905. The main aim of the Society was to train national leaders who would dedicate themselves to the service of India.
  4. He impressed upon the government to reduce the land revenue.

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