(i) How is frost harmful for the growth of cotton plant? Why is dry weather necessary at the time of harvesting cotton?

(ii) Why is the net sown area of the cotton crop declining?

(i) The cotton plant is extremely sensitive to frost and late spring or early autumn frosts can kill the plant and destroy the crop. The soil temperature below 20°C reduces root growth thus retarding plant growth.

Dry weather is necessary at the time of harvesting cotton as rainfall during boll-opening and harvesting periods is harmful for the plants as it makes them vulnerable to pests and diseases.

(ii) The net sown area of cotton is declining due to low global demand, frequent pest attacks, low yields, and poor returns. Erratic rainfall due to climate change also affects cotton growth. As a result, many farmers are shifting to other crops like pulses and maize, which are more profitable and less risky.