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Chemistry

Explain with the help of :

(i) an ionic equation

(ii) electron dot structural diagram

the formation of the following :

(a) Sodium chloride

(b) Calcium oxide

(c) Magnesium chloride.

(at. nos. Na = 11, Cl = 17, Ca = 20, O = 8, Mg = 12)

Chemical Bonding

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Answer

(a) Sodium Chloride :

Ionic equation

Na - 1e- ⟶ Na1+ [oxidation]
[atom]      [cation]
[2,8,1]       [2,8]

Cl + 1e- ⟶ Cl1- [reduction]
[atom]      [anion]
[2,8,7]       [2,8,8]

Na + Cl ⟶ Na1+ Cl1- ⟶ NaCl

Electron dot structural diagram

Draw the electron dot structure of Sodium chloride. Chemical Bonding, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(b) Calcium Oxide

Ionic Equation

Ca - 2e- ⟶ Ca2+ [oxidation]
[atom]      [cation]
[2,8,8,2]     [2,8,8]

O + 2e- ⟶ O2- [reduction]
[atom]      [anion]
[2,6]          [2,8]

Ca + O ⟶ Ca2+O2- ⟶ CaO

Electron dot structural diagram

Draw the electron dot structure of Calcium oxide. Chemical Bonding, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(c) Magnesium chloride.

Ionic Equation

Mg - 2e- ⟶ Mg2+ [oxidation]
[atom]      [cation]
[2,8,2]       [2,8]

2Cl + 2e- ⟶ 2Cl- [reduction]
[atom]      [anion]
[2,8,7]       [2,8,8]

Mg + 2Cl ⟶ Mg2+2Cl- ⟶ MgCl2

Electron dot structural diagram

Draw an electron dot diagram to show the formation of Magnesium chloride. Chemical Bonding, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

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