Chemistry
Explain the terms –
(i) Denaturated alcohol
(i) Glacial acetic acid
(iii) Esterification
Answer
(i) Ethyl alcohol containing pyridine or copper sulphate is termed denaturated alcohol. It is used for industrial applications only and hence made undrinkable.
(ii) Anhydrous acetic acid on cooling below 16.5°C, crystallizes out in the pure form, forming a crystalline mass resembling ice [m.p. around 17°C] . Hence, pure acetic acid is called glacial acetic acid.
(iii) Esterification is the chemical process of heating carboxylic acids with alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce esters.
Related Questions
Give reasons for:
(i) alkanes are said to be saturated organic compounds
(ii) alkenes are known as olefins
(iii) alkenes are more reactive than alkanes
(iv) ethanoic acid is known as an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid.
Give a chemical test to distinguish between Ethane, ethene and ethyne.
Give equations for the conversions of – Ethanol and Ethanoic Acid to:
Ethanol [ethyl alcohol] Ethanoic Acid [acetic acid] (a) Carbon dioxide - by burning (a) Sodium acetate - using alkali - NaOH (b) Ethanal
to
Ethanoic acid - by oxidation using acidified K2Cr2O7(b) Calcium acetate - using alkali - Ca(OH)2 (c) Sodium ethaoxide - using - sodium (c) Ammonium acetate - using alkali - NH4OH (d) Ethyl ethanoate - using - ethanoic acid and conc. H2SO4 (d) Ethyl ethanoate -using - ethanol and conc. H2SO4 [ethyl acetate] (e) Ethene - using conc. H2SO4 at 170 °C Give a chemical test to distinguish between Ethanol and ethanoic acid.