What is an artificial magnet? State two reasons why do we need artificial magnets?

How will you test whether a given rod is made of iron or copper?

[Hint: Iron rod gets magnetized when placed near a bar magnet by magnetic induction, while copper rod does not get magnetized]

Explain the following:

When two pins are hung by their heads from the same pole of a magnet, their pointed ends move apart.

Explain the following:

Several soft iron pins can cling, one below the other, from the pole of a magnet.