Computer Science
Draw the structure of the components of a computer and briefly explain the following.
(a) Input Unit
(b) Output Unit
(c) Central Processing Unit
(d) Primary Memory
(e) Secondary Memory
Computer System
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Answer
- Input Unit — An input unit takes/accepts input and converts it into binary form so that it can be understood by the computer. The computer input constitutes data and instructions.
Examples: Keyboard, mouse, scanner, and microphone. - Output Unit — Output unit is formed by the output devices attached to the computer. Output devices produce the output generated by the CPU in human readable form.
Examples: Monitor, printer, and speakers. - Central Processing Unit — CPU is the control centre or brain of a computer. It guides, directs, controls and governs all the processing that takes place inside the computer. The CPU consists of three components — ALU, CU and Registers.
- Primary Memory — The primary memory, also termed as main memory, is directly accessible to the CPU since all the work is done in the RAM and later on gets stored on the secondary storage. It is volatile, meaning it loses its data when the power is turned off. The types of primary memory are RAM and ROM.
- Secondary Memory — The secondary memory, also known as auxiliary memory, can be accessed by the CPU through input-output controllers or units. It is used to store a large amount of data permanently. It is non-volatile, meaning it retains data even when the computer is turned off.
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