Biology
Differentiate between the following pairs on the basis of what is mentioned in brackets :
(i) Photolysis and Photophosphorylation. (Definition)
(ii) Bicuspid valve and Tricuspid valve. (Function).
(iii) Vasectomy and Tubectomy. (Explain)
(iv) Cerebrum and Spinal cord. (Arrangement of nerve cells)
(v) Bowman's capsule and Malpighian capsule. (Parts included)
Answer
(i) Difference between Photolysis and Photophosphorylation. (Definition)
| Photolysis | Photophosphorylation |
|---|---|
| Chlorophyll gets activated by absorbing light energy. The absorbed energy is used in splitting the water molecule (H2O) into its two components (Hydrogen and Oxygen) and releasing electrons. This reaction is known as Photolysis. | Formation of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate by the utilization of energy released by electrons emitted due to photolysis of water. This process is called Photophosphorylation. |
(ii) Difference between Bicuspid valve and Tricuspid valve (Function).
| Bicuspid valve | Tricuspid valve |
|---|---|
| Prevents the reverse flow of blood from left ventricle to left atrium | Prevents the reverse flow of blood from right ventricle to right atrium |
(iii) Difference between Vasectomy and Tubectomy. (Explain)
| Vasectomy | Tubectomy |
|---|---|
| It is the process in which vas deferens from each testes is ligated and a small piece between the two ligatures is removed. It is contraceptive practice in males. | Tubectomy is the process which involves cutting or ligating of fallopian tubes by nylon thread to close the passage of egg. It is contraceptive practice in females. |
(iv) Difference between Cerebrum and Spinal cord. (Arrangement of nerve cells)
| Cerebrum | Spinal cord |
|---|---|
| The grey matter containing cytons lies in the cortex (outer region) while the white matter containing axons lies in the medullary region (inner region). | The grey matter containing cytons lies in the medullary region (inner side) while the white matter containing axons lies in the cortex i.e. (outer region). |
(v) Difference between Bowman's capsule and Malpighian capsule. (Parts included)
| Bowman's capsule | Malpighian capsule |
|---|---|
| Bowman's capsule is a thin walled (single-cell thick epithelium) cup, containing the glomerulus. | The Bowman's capsule along with the knot-like mass of blood capillaries called glomerulus together are known as Malpighian capsule. |
Related Questions
Given below is a schematic diagram showing Mendel's Experiment on sweet pea plants having axial flowers with round seeds (AARR) and Terminal flowers with wrinkled seeds (aarr). Study the same and answer the questions that follow:
(i) Give the phenotype of F1 progeny.
(ii) Give the phenotypes of F2 progeny produced upon by the self-pollination of progeny.
(iii) Give the phenotypic ratio of F2 progeny.
(iv) Name and explain the law induced by Mendel on the basis of the above observation.
Draw a diagram of the human eye as seen in a vertical section and label the parts which suits the following descriptions relating to the:
(i) photosensitive layer of the eye.
(ii) strucutre which is responsible for holding the eye lens in its position.
(iii) structure which maintains the shape of the eye ball and the area of no vision.
(iv) anterior chamber seen in front of the eye lens.
(v) outer most transparent layer seen in front of the eye ball.
Complete the following table by filling in the blanks from 1 to 10 with appropriate terms.
S.No. Gland Secretion Function/Effect on body 1 Thyroid 1 2 2 3 Vasopressin 4 3 5 6 Promotes glucose utilization by the body cells 4 Lacrimal gland 7 8 5 Adrenal medulla 9 10 Give the biological/technical terms for the following :
(i) Chemical found in the blood which act against antigens.
(ii) A constituent that causes pollution.
(iii) The onset of menstruation in a young girl.
(iv) Structure which connects the placenta with the foetus.
(v) The fluid present between the layers of meninges.
(vi) Permanently open structures seen on the bark of an old woody stem.
(vii) The biological process which is the starting point of the food chain.
(viii) The change in an organism resulting due to stimulus.
(ix) An Antiseptic substance present in tears.
(x) A solution in which the relative concentration of water molecules and the solute on either side of the cell membrane is the same.