Chemistry
Define (i) salt (ii) normal salt (iii) acid salt – with relevant examples and equations.
Answer
(i) Salt — A salt is a compound formed by partial or complete replacement of the replaceable hydrogen ions of an acid by a metallic ion or ammonium ion [basic radical].
NaOH + H2SO4 ⟶ NaHSO4 + H2O [Partial replacement]
2NaOH + H2SO4 ⟶ Na2SO4 + 2H2O [Complete replacement]
(ii) Normal salt — The salt formed by complete replacement of the replaceable hydrogen ion of an acid molecule by a basic radical [metallic or ammonium ion].
For example,
2NaOH + H2SO4 ⟶ Na2SO4 + 2H2O
2NaOH + H2SO3 ⟶ Na2SO3 + 2H2O
[Both H ions in sulphuric and sulphurous acid are replaced by metallic radical — sodium. ]
(3) Acid salt — The salt formed by partial replacement of the replaceable hydrogen ion of an acid molecule by a basic radical [metallic or ammonium ion]. For example,
NaOH + H2SO4 ⟶ NaHSO4 + H2O
NaOH + H2SO3 ⟶ NaHSO3 + H2O
[Only one H ion in sulphuric and sulphurous acid is replaced by metallic radical — sodium. ]
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