Choose the correct answer :

(i) Ionization potential increases over a period from left to right because the:

1. Atomic radius and nuclear charge increases
2. Atomic radius and nuclear charge decreases
3. Atomic radius increases and nuclear charge decreases
4. Atomic radius decreases and nuclear charge increases

(ii) An element A belonging to Period 3 and Group II will have :

1. 3 shells and 2 valence electrons
2. 2 shells and 3 valence electrons
3. 3 shells and 3 valence electrons
4. 2 shells and 2 valence electrons

(i) Atomic radius decreases and nuclear charge increases
Reason — The ionization potential of element tends to increase across a period from left to right because the atomic size decreases due to an increase in nuclear charge and electrons in the outermost shell are more strongly held because of which greater energy is required to remove the electron.

(ii) 3 shells and 2 valence electrons
Reason — Period of an element determines the number of shells and group determines number of valence electrons.