Energy and Power Resources

Tick the correct option

Question 1(a)

Fossil fuels are found in

1. Igneous rocks
2. Sedimentary rocks
3. Metamorphic rocks
4. All of these

Answer

Sedimentary rocks

Question 1(b)

Most of the minerals of India are found in the

1. Aravalis
2. Himalayas
3. Chhota Nagpur Plateau
4. None of these

Answer

Chota Nagpur Plateau

Question 1(c)

Hydel power is

1. Geothermal energy
2. Non-conventional energy
3. Conventional energy
4. All of these

Answer

Non-conventional energy

Question 1(d)

Mumbai High is located in

1. Arabian Sea
2. Indian Ocean
3. Bay of Bengal
4. Pacific Ocean

Answer

Arabian Sea

Question 1(e)

Bituminous coal is used for

1. Industrial purposes
2. Domestic purposes
3. Electricity generation
4. All of these

Answer

All of these

Question 1(f)

The best quality of coal containing over 80 per cent carbon

1. Lignite
2. Bituminous
3. Anthracite
4. Peat

Answer

Anthracite

Question 1(g)

The most widely used variety of coal containing about 60-80 per cent carbon

1. Lignite
2. Bituminous
3. Anthracite
4. Peat

Answer

Bituminous

Question 1(h)

Mineral oil is obtained from

1. Sedimentary rocks
2. Igneous rocks
3. Metamorphic rocks
4. Intrusive igneous rocks

Answer

Sedimentary Rocks

Question 1(i)

Electricity generated from the force of water falling from a height is

1. Hydroelectricity
2. Static electricity
3. Current electricity

Answer

Hydroelectricity

Question 1(j)

The Bhakra Nangal project was commissioned in

1. 1963
2. 1964
3. 1965
4. 1966

Answer

1963

Question 1(k)

The Hirakud dam is built across ............... river.

1. Mahanadi
2. Godavari
3. Damodar
4. Beas

Answer

Mahanadi

Question 1(l)

It is not a purpose of “multipurpose project”

1. Provision of irrigation
2. Control of floods
3. Fish culture
4. Waste management

Answer

Waste management

Question 1(m)

The largest inexhaustible source of energy

1. Solar
2. Wind
3. Tidal
4. Waves

Answer

Solar

Question 1(n)

It is not an advantage of solar energy

1. No pollution
2. Little maintenance
3. Indefinitely renewable
4. Quite expensive

Answer

Quite expensive

Question 1(o)

Hydroelectricity is not

1. Renewable
2. Cheap
3. Clean
4. Exhaustible

Answer

Exhaustible

Exercise

Question 2

Fill in the blanks:

(a) Fossil fuel are found in ............... rocks.

(b) Coal is a ............... power resource.

(c) Wind energy is used for ............... .

(d) Solar energy is ............... source of energy.

(e) Coal is a ............... source of energy.

Answer

(a) Fossil fuel are found in sedimentary rocks.

(b) Coal is a non-renewable power resource.

(c) Wind energy is used for pumping and running flour mills

(d) Solar energy is renewable source of energy.

(e) Coal is a non-renewable source of energy.

Question 3

Differentiate between

(a) Renewable and non-renewable sources of power.

(b) Solar and wind energy

Answer

(a) Differences between renewable and non-renewable sources of power:

(b) Differences between solar and wind energy:

Answer in brief

Question 4(a)

Give three ways to save energy.

Answer

Three ways to save energy are:

1. Energy can be conserved by reducing wastage and losses, improving efficiency through technological upgrades and improved operation and maintenance.
2. Use of LED bulbs, turning off light when not in use, unplugging computers and turning off televisions can help us reduce our daily consumption of energy at home.
3. Carpooling and use of public transport helps to save fuel/energy.

Question 4(b)

State any three advantages of solar power.

Answer

Advantages of Solar Energy:

1. Solar energy is a sustainable resource of energy.
2. Solar power does not cause any pollution.
3. Solar panels require little maintenance and can be easily installed.

Question 4(c)

State any three uses of biogas.

Answer

Uses of biogas:

1. It is commonly used in rural areas as cooking gas.
2. It can be used for the production of electricity.
3. It can be used for water heating and space (room) heating etc.

Question 4(d)

Why should we conserve coal and petroleum?

Answer

Coal and petroleum are exhaustible or non-renewable source of energy. They are limited in supply. If they are not used judiciously, they will not last for more than a few decades. Therefore, it is very important to conserve these fuels.

Question 4(e)

Why do we grow trees around the industries?

Answer

Industries cause pollution. Growing trees around industries helps to reduce pollution and purify the air. Trees also help in reducing the sound pollution caused by industries.

Question 4(f)

What is the significance of Bhakra Nangal Project?

Answer

Significance of Bhakra Nangal project:

1. It provides electricity for industrial, agricultural and domestic use.
2. This project has helped in controlling floods in the river Sutlej downstream.
3. It also helps in soil conservation, afforestation and development of fish culture.
4. It benefits many industries like textile, cotton, sugar etc.

Question 4(g)

Write a note on the advantages and disadvantages of multipurpose projects.

Answer

Advantages of multipurpose projects are:

1. Generation of hydroelectric power and thereby encourage the development of industries in the country.
2. Provision of irrigation where the rainfall is scanty.
3. Control of floods in the rivers.
4. Development of river navigation.
5. Afforestation for soil conservation.

Disadvantages of multipurpose projects:

1. Cost of building dams is very high.
2. Building large dams can cause serious geological damage like triggering earthquake in the area.
3. Dams alter the natural water table and have adverse impact on aquatic life.
4. Setting up of multipurpose projects displaces many people from the area causing them hardships.