Manufacturing Industries in India - I : Agro-based

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1

Molasses is a product of

1. silk industry
2. sugar industry
3. cotton textile industry
4. woollen industry

Answer

sugar industry

Question 2

Bombyx Mori is associated with

1. cotton textile industry
2. jute industry
3. silk industry
4. sugar industry

Answer

silk industry

Question 3

Bagasse is a raw material for

1. toy industry
2. paper industry
3. silk industry
4. jute industry

Answer

paper industry

Question 4

Sericulture is practiced in

1. Tamil Nadu
2. Andhra Pradesh
3. Karnataka
4. Uttar Pradesh

Answer

Karnataka

Question 5

This state is called Cottonopolis of India

1. Gujarat
2. Karnataka
3. Tamil Nadu
4. Maharashtra

Answer

Maharashtra

Question 6

This state is called Manchester of South India

1. Tamil Nadu
2. Punjab
3. Kerala
4. Andhra Pradesh

Answer

Tamil Nadu

Question 7

Press mud is used for

1. making wax
2. nail polish
3. paper
4. fertilizer

Answer

making wax

Question 8

Industries that depend on the agricultural products for their raw material

1. sugar industry
2. heavy industry
3. cottage industry
4. none of the above

Answer

sugar industry

Question 9

Kandla (free trade zone) is situated in

1. Maharashtra
2. Kerala
3. Gujarat
4. Tamil Nadu

Answer

Gujarat

Question 10

Non-mulberry silk such as muga, tassar and eri are produced

1. Nagaland
2. Gujarat
3. Telangana
4. Assam

Answer

Assam

Answer the following questions

Question 1

Name a few agro-based industries.

Answer

A few agro-based industries are:

1. Cotton Textile
2. Silk
3. Sugar
4. Jute
5. Vegetable oil
6. Food Processing

Question 2

What are the four special features of the cotton textile industry in India?

Answer

Four special features of the cotton textile industry in India are:

1. It is the first manufacturing industry in India.
2. It is the largest organized industry in India.
3. It occupies an important place in terms of employment generation.
4. The industry has developed all over India but the largest number of mills are situated in Maharashtra, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu.

Question 3

Give two reasons why the cotton textile industry has been developed around Mumbai.

Answer

Two reasons why the cotton textile industry has been developed around Mumbai are:

1. The black cotton soil in the hinterland of Mumbai which provides cotton as basic raw material.
2. Humid climate of shore-based Mumbai which is ideal for this industry as the thread does not break so easily.

Question 4

Name the oldest and the most widespread industry in India.

Answer

Cotton textile industry is the oldest and the most widespread industry in India.

Question 5

What are the problems of the cotton textile industry?

Answer

The problems of the cotton textile industry are:

1. Scarcity of Raw Material — Supply of raw material is not adequate.
2. Obsolete Machinery — Most of the mills have obsolete machinery. This has resulted in low productivity and inferior quality.
3. Inadequate Power Supply — With increasing population, the problem of power supply is becoming acute and the industry suffers from shortage of power.
4. Low Productivity of Labour — Labour productivity is extremely low in India as compared to other advanced countries.
5. Stiff Competition — Indian cotton textile has to face stiff competition from power-loom and synthetic fibre product.
6. Sick Mills — 177 mills have been declared as sick mills as they are going in loss.

Question 6

State any three problems faced by sugar industry.

Answer

Three problems faced by sugar industry are:

1. Low and irregular supply of raw material — The yield per hectare is very low as compared to other sugarcane producing areas of the world. This results in shortage of sugarcane to sugar mills.
2. Fluctuations in the output of sugarcane — Since the industry is agro-based, it is seasonal. Due to erratic nature of monsoons sugarcane production fluctuates.
3. Small and uneconomic size of sugar mills — Many sugar mills are uneconomic as they are of very small size with a capacity of 1000 to 15000 tonnes per day.

Question 7

What is meant by the term sericulture? State the factors responsible for the concentration of silk industry in Karnataka.

Answer

The art of rearing silkworms for silk production is called sericulture.

The factors responsible for the concentration of silk industry in Karnataka are:

1. Availability of favourable climate for rearing silkworm.
2. Availability of the mulberry plant which is raised as a plantation bush.
3. Availability of the silkworm known as Bombyxmori which is reared throughout the year.
4. In Mysuru, raising silkworms, reeling and weaving of raw silk is one of the main occupations of people. Reeling is a process in which the worm is boiled in water and the silk fibre is pulled out.
5. Availability of abundant soft water free from alkaline salt and iron.
6. Recent introduction of a new technology of handling Bombyxmori.
7. Sericulture provides employment for women folk in rearing silkworm while men work in the plantation.

Question 8

Which industry has a tendency to migrate towards the south? Why?

Answer

Sugar industry has a tendency to migrate towards the south. The reasons for the gradual shifting of sugar industry towards the south are:

1. The peninsular India has tropical climate which is ideal for growing sugarcane. The black soil, higher temperature, good amount of rainfall or irrigation and frost-free growing season results in higher yield per unit.
2. The sucrose content is higher in the tropical variety of sugarcane in the south.
3. The crushing season is longer in the south than in the north.
4. The cooperative sugar mills are better managed in south than in the north.
5. In south, most of the mills are new and hence, are equipped with modern machinery.

Question 9

Name the by-products of the sugar industry. Give the industrial use of each.

Answer

The by-products of the sugar industry are:

1. Molasses — It is used in manufacture of fertilizer, DDT, power alcohol, synthetic rubber, plastic, rum, chemicals and cattle feed.
2. Bagasse — It serves as raw material for paper industry. It is also used for making cardboard.
3. Press mud — It is used for making wax, shoe polish and carbon paper.

Question 10

State any three differences between the sugar industry of Northern and Peninsular India.

Answer